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Is IDD the best non-surgical treatment for prolapsed and herniated disc?
IDD observational study, outcomes for pain and disability index measures.
Sharon Mumford MCSP, Dan Smith MCSP (2015)
Introduction
Low back pain is a significant problem in today’s society and persistent low back pain can result in many costly invasive interventions. Intervertebral Differential Dynamics (IDD) therapy is a non-surgical spinal decompression for back pain, neck pain and sciatica. IDD was developed in the late 1990s to overcome the failings of traditional traction and manual therapy. Cholewicki et al (2009) investigated the effect of traction on muscle activity and flexibility pre and post traction in healthy volunteers. They found muscle activity to be minimal and fluid exchange in the disc provides the biomechanical effect in traction. Shealy and Borgmeyer (1997) reported it was possible to distract isolated lumbar segments by angling the distraction force and thus decompress a specific disc. The Accu-Spina device using the IDD therapy protocol is able to focus distraction force to a specific lumbar segment and combing this with multiple primary waveforms and secondary oscillatory wave forms apply a neuromuscular component (Shealy 2009).
Method
The observational study has 24 subjects who had IDD treatment consisting of 20 sessions within a 6 week period. Treatment began with a distraction force of half body weight minus 20 lbs increasing gradually to half body weight plus 20lbs. Angle of distraction was directed to most symptomatic level if more than one lumbar level was affected. The data included intention to treat results as well as completed treatment results.
Inclusion criteria
- Prior failed treatment from osteopathy, physiotherapy, chiropractor for low back pain due to disc or facet dysfunction
- Prior failed facet joint injections or failed nerve ablation for low back pain due to disc or facet dysfunction
- MRI scan to indicate, either herniated or prolapsed disc bulge (slipped disc), degenerative disc disease, sciatica, foraminal stenosis with or without radicular pain.
- Low back pain of 1 year duration or greater
Exclusion criteria
- Osteoporosis (T score -2.5 to -2.8 or greater)
- Unresolved compression fractures on the spine
- Spondylolithesis
- Spondyloysis
- Open growth plates
- Severe canal stenosis
- Surgical hard ware in spine
- Severe scoliosis
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm
- Vertebral fusions
- Pacemaker
- Pregnancy
- Genetically unstable or defects of the spine.
For graphs showing the findings click here IDD observational study jan 2015 (1) (1)
Data analysis
Pain score
Median score before treatment was 6/10 with lower quartile 3/10 and upper quartile 8/10, mode was 8/10
Median pain score post treatment was 1/10 with lower quartile 0/10 and upper quartile 2/10, mode was 0/10
Standard deviation was ±2.85 before treatment and ±2.09 after treatment
Student t-test (96% CI) p=0.0000054 (statistically significant)
Oswestry disability index scores
13 patients reported a greater than 10% decrease in their ODI score.
54% of patients, including those who didn’t complete the course of treatment, had a significant decrease in ODI score
65% of patients who completed treatment had a clinically significant decrease in ODI score
Discussion
The results found to date are reflective of those in other studies with a reduction in pain from VAS 6 to 1 (83% reduction). Schimmel et al (2009) report a statistically significant reduction in pain from a VAS of 61 to 32 and a statistically significant reduction in ODI in their study of 60 patients with low back pain of more than 3 months duration. Shealy (2005) for a cohort of over 500 patients with chronic low back pain found a 65% reduction in pain after IDD therapy with an average pain reduction of 78% one year after treatment. Schaufele and Newsome (2011) found IDD was as effective and remained as effective as an intensive physiotherapy routine of lumbar stabilization exercises after 1 year with a 36% decrease in pain scores for 48 patients with chronic low back pain.
Conclusion
IDD therapy appears to be a clinically effective treatment to lower pain and decrease disability due to low back pain for those patients who failed physiotherapy, osteopathy or chiropractor treatments and steroid and epidural injections.
For further information see IDD Therapy video.
References
Cholewicki, J., Lee, A., S., Reeves, N., P., Calle, E., A. (2009) Trunk muscle response to various protocols of lumbar traction, Manual Therapy, 14, p562-566
Schaufele, M., K., Newsome, N. (2011) Intervertebral Differential Dynamics (IDD), Phys Med, Rehab Kuror, 21, p34-40
Schimmel, J., Kleuver, M., Horsting, P., P., Spruit, M., Jacobs, W., C., H., van Limbeek, J. (2009) No effect of traction in patients with low back pain: a single centre, single blind, randomized controlled trial of IDD Therapy, Eur Spine J, 18, p 1843-1850
Shealey, C., N., (2005) Intervertebral Differential Dynamics Therapy, Practical Pain Management, Technology Reveiw
Shealey CN and Borgemyer V (1997) Decompression, Reduction and Stabilization of the Lumber Spine: Acost effective Treatment for Lumboscaral Pain, American Journal of Pain Management, 7, p63-65